Happy Monday and welcome to another installment of my recurring feature about music producers and sound engineers. This time, I’m taking a look at Eddie Kramer who until I did some research I wrongly had assumed primarily is a sound engineer. While he gained initial prominence in that capacity, especially because of his work with Jimi Hendrix, Kramer also produced for the likes of Carly Simon, Kiss, Peter Frampton and Buddy Guy.
Given his enormous output, I decided to break up this installment in two parts. Part I will focus on Kramer’s work as a sound engineer, while Part II will highlight some of his credits as a producer. For many albums he produced he also did engineering and mixing.
Kramer was born Edwin H. Kramer on April 19, 1942 in Cape Town, South Africa. His parents were into the arts and music. Already as a 4-year-old, Kramer picked up the piano and also tried the violin and cello. During his classical piano studies at South African College of Music in Cape Town, he became interested in jazz and rock.
In 1961 at the age of 19, Kramer moved to London, England, following his parents who had relocated there four months earlier due to their political opposition to South Africa’s despicable apartheid. In London, Kramer began recording local jazz groups in a simple home studio as a hobby. He got his first professional job at Advision Studios in 1962, which at the time provided voiceovers and jingles for television ads.
In 1963, Kramer joined Pye Studios where he assisted in recordings of classical works, as well as rock and pop music, including The Kinks, The Searchers, The Undertakers, Petula Clark and Sammy Davis Jr. The following year, Kramer founded KPS Studios and gained a reputation, despite its rudimentary two-track recording capability. Regent Sound where The Rolling Stones recorded their first album took notice and acquired Kramer’s studio in 1965.
Regent Sound put him in charge to help build and run their new four-track studio where The Beatles subsequently recorded Fixing a Hole. In 1966, Kramer joined Olympic Sound Studios and engineered albums for The Rolling Stones, Small Faces, Traffic and Jimi Hendrix. In 1968, he relocated to New York, so he could continue his close collaboration with Hendrix.
In mid-1969, Kramer was hired to record the Woodstock Festival for both the album and the movie, an arduous project that further raised his profile. “All of us in the crew had to have Vitamin B shots in the bum so that we would be able to stay up for three days,” he recalled. “The whole thing was recorded under the most primitive of conditions but we got it done. Woodstock was 3 days of drugs and hell.”
After Woodstock, Kramer oversaw the creation of Hendrix’s state-of-the-art studio, Electric Lady Studios in New York City’s Greenwich Village, together with architect John Storyk. Upon completion in 1970, he was the studio’s Director of Engineering until his departure in 1975. Kramer worked independently thereafter both as a producer and a sound engineer.
In 2005, Kramer teamed up with Storyk again to design another studio: Anacapa Studios in Malibu, California. Since the early 2000s, he also began exhibiting his photographs he had taken of artists he worked with between 1967-1972, including Hendrix, the Stones, Led Zeppelin and Santana, among others.
Additional side projects have included co-authoring a book about Hendrix, a two-part video series, Adventures in Modern Recording, and collaborations with Digitech to design and create effects pedals emulating guitar sounds of Hendrix and Brian May. In April, Kramer turned 82 and apparently is still active. Wikipedia notes he’s working with Digital Theatre Systems (DTS) to develop an app that replicates 5.1, 7.1 and 11.1 Surround Sound in any type of headphone.
Time to take a closer look at some of Kramer’s sound engineering work. I will also include a Spotify playlist at the end of the post to capture these and other examples.
Let’s start with Jimi Hendrix. Here’s Little Wing, written by Hendrix and recorded by the Jimi Hendrix Experience for their second studio album Axis: Bold as Love, released in December 1967. “It’s still one of the most emotional things I have ever heard,” Kramer told Guitar World in March this year. “I could go on and on; all his stuff is bloody marvelous. But I guess some are more marvelous than others.”
Prompted by the work Kramer had done with producer Jimmy Miller on Traffic’s first two albums Mr. Fantasy (December 1967) and Traffic (October 1968), The Rolling Stones booked the two for their December 1968 studio album Beggars Banquet. “He went to the heart and soul of where they came from; he was so adept at evoking the psyche of the band, and so clever at production,” said Kramer about Miller. “I’ve always tried to model myself after Jimmy in terms of how to get a session going, how to make the artists really get excited about what they’re playing.” Here’s Street Fighting Man.
Let’s turn to Led Zeppelin next. Kramer did engineering and mixing on various albums, including Led Zeppelin II (October 1969), Houses of the Holy (March 1973), Physical Graffiti (February 1975) and Coda (November 1982), the live soundtrack album The Song Remains the Same (October 1976), as well as the live album How the West Was Won (May 2003). Here’s Over the Hills and Far Away from Houses of the Holy.
The last engineering example I’d like to call out is Peter Frampton’s iconic Frampton Comes Alive! double live album, which came out in January 1976. Let’s listen to Doobie Wah.
Last but not least, here’s a above-mentioned Spotify playlist. Stay tuned for Part II tomorrow, which will highlight some of Kramer’s work as a producer.
Sources: Wikipedia; Guitar World; History of Recording; BBC Radio 6; YouTube; Spotify